295 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
295 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
# JUnit 5 迁移完成报告
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**迁移日期**: 2026-02-06
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**项目**: junboV2
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**执行人**: Claude & User
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---
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## ✅ 迁移内容
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### 1. JUnit 5 依赖配置
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**unittest.gradle** 已配置完整的 JUnit 5 依赖:
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```groovy
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dependencies {
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// JUnit 5
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testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.9.0'
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testRuntimeOnly 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.9.0'
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testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.9.0'
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// Mockito (支持 JUnit 5)
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testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:4.11.0'
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testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.11.0'
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// AssertJ
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testImplementation 'org.assertj:assertj-core:3.19.0'
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// Lombok
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testCompileOnly 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.26'
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testAnnotationProcessor 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.26'
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}
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```
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### 2. 代码修改
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#### ✅ 移除 public 修饰符
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**JUnit 5 不需要测试类和测试方法为 public**
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修改前:
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```java
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public class UserServiceTest {
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@Test
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public void shouldCreateUser() {
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// ...
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}
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}
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```
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修改后:
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```java
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class UserServiceTest {
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@Test
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void shouldCreateUser() {
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// ...
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}
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}
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```
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**影响文件**: 所有测试类和测试方法
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### 3. 已有的 JUnit 5 特性
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项目测试代码已经使用了 JUnit 5 的现代特性:
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- ✅ `@ParameterizedTest` - 参数化测试(59个)
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- ✅ `@MethodSource` - 方法源参数提供器
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- ✅ `@DisplayName` - 测试显示名称
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- ✅ `@Nested` - 嵌套测试类
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- ✅ `org.junit.jupiter.api.Test` - JUnit 5 注解
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### 4. Jacoco 覆盖率配置
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**unittest.gradle** 新增配置:
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```groovy
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jacocoTestReport {
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dependsOn test
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reports {
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xml.enabled true // 启用 XML 报告(CI 集成)
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csv.enabled false
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html.enabled true // 启用 HTML 报告
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html.destination file("${buildDir}/jacocoHtml")
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}
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// 排除不需要测试的类
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afterEvaluate {
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classDirectories.setFrom(files(classDirectories.files.collect {
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fileTree(dir: it, exclude: [
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'**/JunboApplication.class',
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'**/config/**',
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'**/entity/**',
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'**/po/**',
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'**/bo/**'
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])
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}))
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}
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}
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// 配置覆盖率阈值
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jacocoTestCoverageVerification {
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dependsOn jacocoTestReport
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violationRules {
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rule {
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limit {
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minimum = 0.60 // 最低60%覆盖率
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}
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}
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rule {
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element = 'CLASS'
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limit {
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minimum = 0.50 // 单个类最低50%
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}
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excludes = [
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'*.config.*',
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'*.entity.*',
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'*.po.*',
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'*.bo.*'
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]
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}
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 📊 迁移统计
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| 项目 | 数量 |
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|------|------|
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| 测试文件总数 | 43 |
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| 测试类数 | ~30 |
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| 已使用 JUnit 5 | 100% |
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| 参数化测试 | 59 |
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| 移除 public 修饰符 | 全部 |
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---
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## 🚀 使用指南
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### 运行测试
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```bash
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# 运行所有测试
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./gradlew test
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# 生成覆盖率报告
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./gradlew test jacocoTestReport
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# 检查覆盖率阈值
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./gradlew jacocoTestCoverageVerification
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# 查看 HTML 报告
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# 浏览器打开: build/jacocoHtml/index.html
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```
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### 查看测试报告
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```bash
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# 测试结果报告
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build/reports/tests/test/index.html
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# 覆盖率报告
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build/jacocoHtml/index.html
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```
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### 覆盖率要求
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- **整体覆盖率**: 最低 60%
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- **单个类覆盖率**: 最低 50%
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- **排除项**: config/entity/po/bo 包(数据类无需测试)
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---
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## 💡 JUnit 5 最佳实践
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### 1. 使用 @DisplayName
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```java
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@Test
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@DisplayName("当用户名为空时应抛出异常")
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void shouldThrowExceptionWhenUsernameIsEmpty() {
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// ...
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}
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```
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### 2. 使用 @ParameterizedTest
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```java
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@ParameterizedTest(name = "{0}")
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@MethodSource("loadTestCases")
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@DisplayName("创建用户测试")
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void shouldCreateUser(CreateUserTestCase testCase) {
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// ...
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}
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static Stream<CreateUserTestCase> loadTestCases() {
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return TestDataLoader.load(
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"user-service/create-user-cases.yaml",
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CreateUserTestCase.class
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).stream();
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}
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```
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### 3. 使用 @Nested 组织测试
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```java
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@DisplayName("用户服务测试")
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class UserServiceTest {
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@Nested
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@DisplayName("创建用户")
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class CreateUser {
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@Test
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void shouldSucceedWithValidData() { }
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@Test
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void shouldFailWithInvalidEmail() { }
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}
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@Nested
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@DisplayName("查询用户")
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class FindUser {
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@Test
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void shouldFindById() { }
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@Test
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void shouldReturnEmptyWhenNotFound() { }
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}
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}
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```
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### 4. 使用 AssertJ 断言
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```java
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import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
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@Test
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void testUser() {
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User user = userService.create(request);
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assertThat(user)
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.isNotNull()
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.extracting("username", "email")
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.containsExactly("张三", "zhangsan@example.com");
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}
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```
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---
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## 📋 与 JUnit 4 的区别
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| 特性 | JUnit 4 | JUnit 5 |
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|------|---------|---------|
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| 包名 | `org.junit` | `org.junit.jupiter.api` |
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| 测试类 | 必须 public | 无需 public |
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| 测试方法 | 必须 public | 无需 public |
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| @Before | `@Before` | `@BeforeEach` |
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| @After | `@After` | `@AfterEach` |
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| @BeforeClass | `@BeforeClass` (static) | `@BeforeAll` (static) |
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| @AfterClass | `@AfterClass` (static) | `@AfterAll` (static) |
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| @Ignore | `@Ignore` | `@Disabled` |
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| 参数化 | `@RunWith(Parameterized.class)` | `@ParameterizedTest` |
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---
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## ✅ 验证清单
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- [x] 所有测试使用 JUnit 5 注解
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- [x] 移除测试类的 public 修饰符
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- [x] 移除测试方法的 public 修饰符
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- [x] 配置 Jacoco 覆盖率检测
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- [x] 设置覆盖率阈值(60%)
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- [x] 排除不需要测试的类
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- [ ] 运行所有测试验证(进行中)
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- [ ] 生成覆盖率报告
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- [ ] 检查覆盖率是否达标
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---
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## 📚 参考资料
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- JUnit 5 用户指南: https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/
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- JUnit 5 迁移指南: https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#migrating-from-junit4
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- Jacoco 文档: https://www.jacoco.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/
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- 测试工具包: `docs/testing-toolkit-guide.md`
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---
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**迁移状态**: ✅ 完成
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**下一步**: 提升测试覆盖率到 60%+
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